ANDROID MOBILE OPERATING SYSTEMS

                                                           

                                     

                                                 

  

                                                           ANDROID (OS) 

        Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google. It is used by several smartphones and tablets. The Android operating system (OS) is based on the Linux kernel. ..

               android  is first released in the year 2008 in month of september on 23 in USA in google  headquater .    

                                

                      

 actually   google  developed android based on their smartmoblie & tablets software in the required version of their software developed .but actually  before android  acquried  by the goggle in 2005.This operating system was first developed by Android, Inc., a software company located in Silicon Valley .

                  platforms:: 32- and 64-bit ARM, x86 and x86-64

 this android os is written in javascript , c, c++, assembly languages ,make 

  As we all known  the latest android update is android 10 relaeased in september 13 2019

and  google had announced the preview of android 11 of beta version on 6th may 2020.

            The above mentions android updates  are the latest ones in the recent times .but before this there are some more android updates which we known to us in the recent times .

           The  first android mobile is released by the HTC is HTC DREAM

The first commercially available smartphone running Android was the HTC Dream, also known as T-Mobile G1, announced on September 23, 2008. 

LATER every moblie acquried android software expect an ios and blackberrry.

from past 5to6 years even blackberry is releasing the moblies on the bases of android.

   Here there is  list of android from beginning to the till date

 

← prev Android Versions The development of the Android operating system was started in 2003 by Android, Inc. Later on, it was purchased by Google in 2005. The beta version of Android OS was released on November 5, 2007, while the software development kit (SDK) was released on November 12, 2007. The first Android mobile was publicly released with Android 1.0 of the T-Mobile G1 (aka HTC Dream) in October 2008. Google announced in August 2019 that they were ending the confectionery scheme, and they use numerical ordering fo Code name Version numbers    level Release date No codename 1.0 1 September 23, 2008 No codename 1.1 2 February 9, 2009 Cupcake 1.5 3 April 27, 2009 Donut 1.6 4 September 15, 2009 Eclair 2.0 - 2.1 5 - 7 October 26, 2009 Froyo 2.2 - 2.2.3 8 May 20, 2010 Gingerbread 2.3 - 2.3.7 9 - 10 December 6, 2010 Honeycomb 3.0 - 3.2.6 11 - 13 February 22, 2011 Ice Cream Sandwich 4.0 - 4.0.4 14 - 15 October 18, 2011 Jelly Bean 4.1 - 4.3.1 16 - 18 July 9, 2012 KitKat 4.4 - 4.4.4 19 - 20 October 31, 2013 Lollipop 5.0 - 5.1.1 21- 22 November 12, 2014 Marshmallow 6.0 - 6.0.1 23 October 5, 2015 Nougat 7.0 24 August 22, 2016 Nougat 7.1.0 - 7.1.2 25 October 4, 2016 Oreo 8.0 26 August 21, 2017 Oreo 8.1 27 December 5, 2017 Pie 9.0 28 August 6, 2018 Android 10 10.0 29 September 3, 2019 Android Version 1.0 to 1.1: No codename Android officially publish its Android version 1.0 in September 2008. It is the initial version of Android operating system. It supports Web browser to show HTML and XHTML web pages, camera, access web email server (POP3, IMAP4, and SMTP). This version contains Google Calendar, Google Maps, Google Sync, Google Search, Google Talk, Instant messaging, Media player, Notifications appear in the status bar, wallpaper, YouTube video player, Alarm Clock, Calculator, Dialer, Pictures (Gallery), Wi-Fi and Bluetooth support. Android version 1.5: Cupcake

On April 27, 2009, the Android updated to 1.5 with the codename of the dessert item (Cupcake). It has Linux kernel 2.6.27. It supports third-party virtual keyboard, Video recording and playback in MPEG-4, Copy and paste feature, Animated screen translations, auto-rotation option, ability to upload a video to YouTube, upload photos to Picasa, check phone usage history.

Android version 1.6: Donut

 

On September 15, 2009, Android 1.6 was released with the name Donut. It contains numerous new features such as voice and text entry search, bookmark history, contacts, web, "speak" a string of text, faster camera access, user can select multiple photos for deletion, support text-to-speech engine, WVGA screen resolutions.

Android version 2.0 to 2.1: Eclair

On October 26, 2009, Android 2.0 was released, whose codename was Eclair. It was based on Linux kernel 2.6.29. It contains the several new features as expanded account sync, Microsoft Exchange email support, Bluetooth 2.1, ability to tap a Contact photo and select to call, SMS, ability to search all saved SMS, MMS messages, delete the oldest message automatically when the defined limit is reached, Minor API, bug fixes.

Android version 2.2 to 2.2.3: Froyo

On May 20, 2010, Android 2.2 (Froyo) was released based on Linux kernel 2.6.32. It contains several features as speed, memory, performance optimization. JIT compilation, Integration of Chrome's V8, JavaScript engine into the Browser application, support Android Cloud to Device Messaging service, Adobe Flash support, security updates, and performance improvement.

Android version 2.3 to 2.3.7: Gingerbread

On December 6, 2010, the Android 2.3 (Gingerbread) was released based on Linux kernel 2.6.35. It includes the following changes: support for extra-large screen size and resolutions, updated user interface design with increased simplicity and speed, enhanced copy/paste functionality, select a word by press-holding, support Near Field Communication (NFC), headphone virtualization, new Download Manager.

It has improved bug fixes for Nexus S, voice or video chat using Google Talk, network performance for Nexus S 4G, Gmail application, battery efficiency, fixed a voice search bug, Google Wallet support for Nexus S 4G.

Android version 3.0 to 3.2.6: Honeycomb

On February 22, 2011, Android 3.0 (Honeycomb) was launched for the first tablet for Android-based on Linux kernel 2.6.36. It contains the features like "holographic" user interface for tablet, added system Bar, simplified multitasking tapping Recent Application in system Bar, redesign the keyboard making fast typing, quick access to camera exposure, hardware acceleration, support for multi-core processor, UI refinements, connectivity for USB accessories, support for joysticks and gamepads, high-performance Wi-Fi lock, improved hardware support, Google Books, fixed data connectivity issues when coming out of Airplane mode.

Android version 4.0 to 4.0.4: Ice Cream Sandwich

On October 19, 2011, Android 4.0.1 (Ice Cream Sandwich) was launched, which was based on Linux kernel 3.0.1. It was the last version of officially support Adobe System Flash player. It introduces the numerous new features: refinements to "Holo" interface with new Roboto font family, separation of widgets in a new tab, integrated screenshot capture, improved error correction on the keyboard, improved copy and paste functionality, build-in photo editor, fixed minor bugs, improvement to graphics, spell-checking, better camera performance.

Android version 4.1 to 4.3.1: Jelly Bean

On June 27, 2012, Google announced Android 4.1(Jelly Bean) in the Google I/O conference. It is based on Linux kernel 3.0.31. It updates to following features: smoother user interface, enhance accessibility, expandable notification, fixed bug on Nexus 7, one-finger gestures to expand/collapse notifications, lock screen improvement, multiple user accounts (tablets only), new clock application, Bluetooth low energy support, volume for incoming call, 4K resolution support, native emoji support, bug fixes for the Nexus 7 LTE.

Android version 4.4 to 4.4.4: KitKat

On September 3, 2013, Google announced Android 4.4 (KitKat). Initially, its code name was "Key Lime Pie". Google started on Google's Nexus 5 on October 31, 2013. The minimum required amount of RAM should available to Android is 340 MB. The other devices with less than 512 MB of RAM must report themselves as "low RAM" devices. It includes several new features as clock no longer display bold hours, wireless printing capability, WebViews are based on Chromium engine, sensor batching, built-in screen recording feature, better application compatibility, camera application loads Google+ Photo instead of Gallery.

Android version 5.0 to 5.1.1: Lollipop

Android 5.0 "Lollipop" was initially named "Android L" on June 25, 2014. It was officially introduced on November 12, 2014. Lollipop provides several features like redesigned user interface, support for 64-bit CPUs, support for print previews, material design, Project Volta for battery life improvement, multiple user accounts, audio input, and output through USB devices, join Wi-Fi networks, support for multiple SIM cards, device protection, high-definition voice calls, native Wi-Fi calling support.

Android version 6.0 - 6.0.1: Marshmallow

Android 6.0 "Marshmallow" was disclosed under the codename "Android M" on May 28, 2015, for Nexus 5 and Nexus 6 phones, Nexus 9 tablet.

On October 5, 2015, Android lunches "Marshmallow" for all android devices. It contains the various new features as App Standby feature, introduce the Doze mode to save battery life, native fingerprint reader support, run-time permission requests, USB-C support, Unicode 7.0 & 8.0 emoji support.

Android version 7.0 to 7.1.2: Nougat

Android 7.0 "Nougat" was the major release for the Android operating system. Its initial codename was "Android N". It was first released as a developer preview on March 9, 2016, with factory images for the Nexus device.

On August 22, 2016, the final preview built was released with following features: file-based encryption, zoom in the screen, multi-window support, new Data Saver mode, JIT compiler makes 75 percent faster app installation, picture-in-picture support, support manager APIs, circular app icons support, send GIFs directly from the default keyboard, battery usage alerts.

Android version 8.0 to 8.1: Oreo

Android 8.0 "Oreo" was the 8th major release of the Android operating system. It was first released for developer preview on March 21, 2017. The final developer preview was released on July 24, 2017.

On August 21, 2017, its stable version was released with several features: picture-in-picture support, support for Unicode 10.0 emoji (5.0), restructured settings, adoptive icons, notification channels, notification dots, 2 times faster boot time, Google Play Protect, Integrated printing support, Neural network API, shared memory API, Android Oreo Go Edition, autofill framework, automatic light, and dark themes.

Android version 9.0: Pie

Android 9.0 "Pie" was the ninth major version of the Android operating system. It was first announced and preview launched by Google on March 7, 2018. It was officially released on August 6, 2018. It has the following features: the clock has moved to the left of the notification bar, the "screenshot" button has been added, battery percentage always shown on display.

Android version 10:Android 10

Android 10 is the tenth extensive version of the Android operating system. Android 10 has developed under the codename "Android Q". It was initially announced by Google on March 13, 2019 and its first beta version was released on same day and its second beta was released on April 3, 2019.

The stable version of Android 10 was released on September 3, 2019. It contains features like new permissions to access location in the background, floating setting panel, support for an AV1 video codec, support for biometric authentication, support the WPA3 Wi-F

wps/wp3& wifi

Next coming up android version is android11 it is complete based on  beta version developer .

 Now they just released the previews of it.

   

  

This  is the evolution software from the beginning of the android software  upto   till date.

😊